How to Prevent Vascular Disease: Expert Tips from Dr. Kenneth Walsh

March 24, 2025

Vascular disease affects millions of Americans and can lead to serious complications like peripheral arterial disease (PAD), stroke, and aneurysms. However, many of these conditions can be prevented or slowed down with the right lifestyle choices.

In a recent Mason City Clinic Podcast, vascular surgeon Dr. Kenneth Walsh shared expert insights on how North Iowans can take control of their vascular health and reduce their risk of disease.

Understanding Vascular Disease and Its Causes

Vascular disease occurs when arteries or veins become narrowed, blocked, or weakened, restricting blood flow to various parts of the body. According to Dr. Walsh, the primary causes of vascular disease mirror those of heart disease.

“The disease process is very similar to what happens in the heart,” says Dr. Walsh. “High blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes are some of the biggest risk factors that contribute to artery blockages in the legs, neck, and other areas.”

The Five Most Important Steps to Prevent Vascular Disease

Dr. Walsh emphasizes that early intervention is key. Here are five proven strategies to reduce your risk of vascular disease and maintain healthy circulation.

1. Quit Smoking – The #1 Preventable Risk Factor

If you smoke, quitting is the most effective way to improve vascular health. Smoking damages blood vessels, reduces circulation, and increases the risk of blood clots and plaque buildup.

“Smoking accelerates vascular disease. It damages the arteries and makes blockages worse,” Dr. Walsh explains.

According to the CDC, smokers are 2-4 times more likely to develop PAD than non-smokers. Within just one year of quitting, the risk of heart attack drops significantly. [Source: CDC]

2. Control Blood Pressure and Cholesterol

High blood pressure and high cholesterol damage artery walls, increasing the risk of stroke and circulation problems.

“If you have high blood pressure, it’s important to monitor it and take medications as prescribed,” says Dr. Walsh. “Keeping it under control can prevent a lot of complications.”

The American Heart Association recommends keeping blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg for optimal vascular health. [Source: AHA]

3. Manage Diabetes and Blood Sugar Levels

People with diabetes are at a higher risk for poor circulation, slow-healing wounds, and even amputations due to nerve and blood vessel damage.

“Diabetes significantly increases the risk of vascular disease,” Dr. Walsh warns. “Keeping your blood sugar levels controlled is crucial for preventing complications.”

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases states that maintaining A1C levels below 7% can significantly reduce vascular complications. [Source: NIDDK]

4. Stay Active to Improve Circulation

Regular exercise strengthens blood vessels, improves circulation, and helps control blood pressure.

“Walking is one of the best things you can do for your vascular health, especially if you have peripheral artery disease,” Dr. Walsh advises.

The American Heart Association recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week, such as walking, swimming, or cycling. [Source: AHA]

5. Follow a Heart-Healthy Diet

A diet low in saturated fats and high in fiber helps maintain healthy arteries and reduces inflammation.

“Avoiding processed foods and eating a balanced diet can help prevent vascular disease,” says Dr. Walsh.

The Mediterranean Diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, has been shown to lower vascular disease risk. [Source: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health]

Know the Warning Signs: When to See a Vascular Specialist

Vascular disease often progresses silently, but certain symptoms indicate the need for immediate medical attention:

• Leg pain or cramping while walking (claudication)
• Slow-healing wounds or ulcers on feet or legs
• Cold, pale, or numb feet
• Swelling or varicose veins
• Sudden weakness or dizziness (possible stroke symptoms)

Expert Vascular Care at Mason City Clinic

If you have risk factors for vascular disease, early screening and treatment can make a life-saving difference. Dr. Kenneth Walsh is North Iowa’s only full-time vascular surgeon, providing expert diagnosis, prevention, and treatment at Mason City Clinic.

“There’s a large need for vascular care in this area,” says Dr. Walsh. “I’m excited to help people get the treatment they need—without having to travel hours for care.”

If you or a loved one are experiencing symptoms of vascular disease, don’t wait. Schedule an appointment with your doctor today.